Method of winding cops or balls



s. W. WARDWBLL, Ji. METHOD 0F WINDING COPS 0R BALLS.

4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

Patented Aug.. 2, 1892.

(No Model. )4 4l sheets-sheet ys.

s. W. WARDWBLLJT. MBTHD OF WINDINGGOPS 0R BALLS.

l 10.480,158. Patented Aug.2,1892.

@mi/@100Mo Suva/woz C 4 Z/amw arroz e130 (No Model.) 4 sheets-sheet 4'..

- S. W. WARDWBLL, Jr.

METHOD 0F WINDING COPS 0R BALLS.

N0. 480,158. Patented Aug. 2, 1892.

mgm.

NITED STATES P AfrENTl OFFICE.

SIMON W. WARDWELL, JR., OF BOSTON, ASSIGNOR TO JOSEPH R. LEESON, OF

NEWTON, MASSACHUSETTS,

METHOD OFWINQDING COPS OR BALLS. I

SPECIFICATION forming part f Letters Patent No. 480,158, dated August 2, 1892.

Application tiled January 2| 1892. Serial No.='416,84=8 (No model.)

.To all whom it may oonoer:

- Beit known that I, SIMON W. WARDWELL, Jr., a citizen of the United States, residing at Bost-on, in the county of Suolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of Winding Cops or Balls, of which -the following. is a specification,

My invention relates to the formation of cops or balls of yarn, thread, or cord of fibrous or other material; and it consists in a'method, fully set forth hereinafter, of laying the thread 1n the winding of the cop or ball, so as to secure a solid cop which is not readily crushed or broken, insure the delivery of the thread 1n unwinding without tangling, reduce lthe dimensions -of the cop or ball, facilitating packing, storage, and transportation, and obtain other advantageaherei'nafter fully set forth.'

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the disposition ot' the thread in ordinary modes of winding. Fig. 2 is a perspective view, enlarged, showing the manner in which the thread is laid in starting thewinding of my improved cop. Fig. 3 is an enlarged view. illustrating the disposition of the threads at the end of the cop. Fig. 4 is a view showing the surface of one of thel improved cops as flattened out to a plane and illustrating the disposition of the threads. Fig. 5 is a view illustrating the improved cop;A Fig. 6, a sectional yvicnv-of the cop-press; Fig. 7, a front elevation ofthe winding-machine; Fig. 8, a transverse elevation; Figs. 9 and 10, detached views of parte of the machine.'

Heretofore in winding balls or copsof yarn, thread, cord, orropethe thread is conducted to a revolving cylinder or tube and carried transversely. 'rst to one end and then to the other of the latter, laying coils in successive layers until the cop is built up to the proper size. so performed that the number of coils of thread in each layer gradually decreases as the size of the cop increases, so that while there may be sixor eight coils or windings of the thread directly upon the tube in the first layer, as in full lines, Fig. 1,-"there will be but one or two windings in each portion of thread Such operations have heretofore been.

extending from one edge to the other of the' cop in the last or external layer, as in dott-ed lines, Fig. Land the winding is consequently irregular, the threads are not parallel in the successive coils, the cop is soft and yielding and readily crushed and broken,resulting in entangling the thread, and in unwinding, the

thread is apt. to slip across the endof the cop,

cahsing friction, and sometimes resulting in the breaking of the thread. To overcome these objections, I so wind the thread upon the cylinder or tube that each portion of thread .extendingvbetween the two ends of the. cop

shall have substantially the same number of coils or turns in each layer of the windingthat is, it the thread laid directly upon the surfaceof the cylinder or tube is coiled round the latter twice or makes two turnsin extending-from one end of the cop to the other, every portionof thread extending from end to end in'everyi'ayer otl the cop'v will also' make' two' two turns, or substantially two turns-exactitude in this respectbeing desirable, although a dierence of a fraction of alturn (more or less) may be permitted.

As illustrating' the mannerl in which the thread is laid upon the tube or cylinder and thereafter in eachlayer of the cop, I refer to the diagrams Figs. 2, 3, and- 4, Fig. 2 showing two turns of the thread within the limits of the length of the cop. 82 represents the first coil of the thread tv, the end of which is secured in any suitable manner, which coil winds or turns twice in traversing the length of the cop toward one end and then twice in returning tothe first end, and 84, 86, andBS represent the succeeding coils. ,Assuming that the cylinder is turning in the direction of the arrow, the thread' in laying the coils 86 and 88 before it reaches the bend or turn 1/2 where the coil 82 reverses its direction, will be laid upon the inside of the thread of the coil 82 and then upon. reaching the bend y will be' carried over and across the coil 84 at a point beyond the bend 'y2 in the periphery of the cop and will then be bent back, forming a bend or turn, and upon the further revolution of the tube the thread will-be laid on the outside of the thread of the coil84 and will follow said thread throughout its convolutions to the oppositeend of the cop and.- then back and will be nallyl'aid on the right-` hand side of the thread of the coil 86 at' the IOO left hand ot' the cop7 as indicated by the dotted line w, and beyondlhe 'bend-y2 will cross the threads ot' the coils 8G and 88 and then be bent back, forming a bend y, and Will bc laid against the outsideof thc precedingcoil 88 and follow the convolutions of the latter back to the opposite end. 'lhis is the course of each coilof thread in each layerof theco'p,

so that eaclrc'oil in each layer lies parallel throughoutits length to the thread ot' a pre vious coil, and at each end of the cop the' thread of each coil crosses over the extreme thread of a previous coil at that end and isl then bent to change its coursc,`the bend of the thread of each coil being a short distance in the periphery of the cop beyond the bend of the coil previously laid, as shown in Fig. 3. i The cop thus formedvyith two coils in cach length ot` thread between the ends of the cop is illustrated in Fig. and in arrangement of threads at the surface is illustrated in Fig. 4.

While Ait is not absolutely necessary, it is.

in manycases preferable that the thread of each coilshall be in actual contact with, as well as parallel to, the threads of the preceding coil, so as to bring the windings into close proximity and secure a cop of minimum size and maximum density. In some instances where itis desired to secure absolute uniformity inthe dimensions of successivelywound cops thesame may be wound with the succeedingcoils parallel, but not absolutely in contact, and the cops may then be subjected to end pressure between dies g g', Fig. 6, whereby'the separated threads rof the succeeding coils are brought together to the desired extent. By using dies of the proper form the ends of the cop may be madeslightly convex or conical, if desired. It will be evidentthat as the threads of the loosely-wound cop were v.uniformly and regularly laid the pressure upon the ends moves the parallel coils closer together and thereby compacts the cop by this means, and not as when an irreguiarlywound cop is compressed by forcing one thread into another 'and compressing and condensing the threads themselves, which results in crushing and breaking the fibers.

-It will be seen that in order to properly dispose the thread in the copfas above described, it is necessary after the thread of each coil is brought to one end of the cop to delay the action in returning the thread toward the opposite end, or else to continue vthe revolution of thecopfnntil the thread that is being laid is carried over and across the previously-laid three-d, so that in the actual op eration of winding the cylinder not only completes the revolution or revolutions necessary to Wind-each coil of thread the proper number of times between the ends, but also must have an additional movement (or what is the equivalent, a delay in its movement) of an extent equal to the distan ce necessary to carryV the thread, being laid to the outside of the thread previously laid, so that the successive bends of the successively-laid coils are not -above described result.

one above the-other, but are onebeyond the yother in the periphery of the cop, as shown yto employ mechanisms, one form of which (shown in Figs. 7 to 10,) I Will now describe. Theframe A of the machine is suitably con` structcd to support the operating parts, hereinafter described, lamong ,which are a tube or cylinder holder B, and a' thread-guide 3, and means for rotating said cylinder-helder and imparting a reciprocating motion to the guide ina line parallelA to the axis of -1 the cylinder-holder. These parts are so constructed that a cylinder or tube 4 may be applied to and supported by the holder B, and rotated therewith, and that the thread as is supported and carried to the eye ofthe guide 3, and means are employed whereby the holder'is rotated, so that as4 the thread is brought to either `end of the cop the rotation will continue at an increased speed,or such an increased or decreased movement is otherwise imparted to the holder as will insure that the coil last flaid shall be completed with thebend Vyat a point beyond thatof the previous coil,

or that, it' the rotation l'ot' the holder is uniform, the change of direction of the coil of thread 'being laid shall be delayed by delaying the reversing movement of the guide until said thread being laid has crossed the thread of the preceding coil. Different means may be employed for causing such a relav tive variation of mdvement--aswill alect the Thus in the construction shown in Figs. 7 to 10, the holderB consists of two disks 5 45 capable. of being separated to receive between them the tube 4, into the open ends of which enterhubs 6 upon the disks, each of which turns' loosely upon the end ot' a short shaft 7, Figs. 7, 8, and 9, which is driven at a uniformspeed by means of a pinion 8 and gear-wheel 9, driven through the medium of gears 10 and 11 from the driving-shaft 12, on which are grooved pulleys s. To .the shaft 7 is .secured i-x'edly near each disk, across-arm 13, carrying a lever 14, to the outer end of which is pivoted a springpawl15,that engages teeth upon the periphery of the adjacent disk 5, so that as the shaft 7 revolves in the direction of its arrow c, Fig. 8, the disk will be carried by and with said shaft. At the opposite end of the arm 13 is a rock-shaft 16", carrying arms 16 and 18, the arm 16 being connected bya rod 17 with thc lever 14, and the arm 18 extending over a cam 19 upon a sleeve 20, turning uponl the shaft. 7, and driven from the 'shaft 12, through the medium of the gears 1l, 10, 21, and 22. The shaft 7and the sleeves 20 turn in the same IIO direction, but the revolution of one-for in# stance, the sleeve BO--is retarded so that periodically the endFof the arm 18, which is pressed down by a spring 23, will escape from the projecting portion c of the cam 1f), thereby rocking the shaft 16 and throwing the arm 16, l'ever 14, and pawl 15 in the direction of their arrows, Fig. 8, so that as the revolution of the shaft 7 and cross-bar 13 is continued the arm 18`will ride up, the cam gradually drawing back the ar'in 16 and lever 14 and carrying the pawl in the direction of the arrow a, Fig. 10, until the end of the arm 1'8 again escapes from the projection c, when the parts swing back,carrying the pawl in the direction of the arrow b. The pawl therefore derives its motion from two sourcesfirst, from the rotation of the shaft and the cross-arm carried by the shaft, which would give t'o the pawl andto the. disk the same rate of rotation as the shaft; second, from the cam, which imparts to` the pawl a forward traveling movement in excess of that derived fromthe shaft," so that at the coinpletion of each revolution of the shaft the pawl and the disk will have traveled not only the extent of a complete revolution, but to an additional extent corresponding to the movement imparted to the pawl by the cam. As a result of this combination and operation, while the guide is brought to one end or the the other of the holder B at the completion of each revolution of the holder (when there are two turns or more to alength of the cop at the completion of each definite number of revolutions) the holder itself is moved to a slight extent beyond a complet-e revolution before the guide begins its return movement,

so that the thread held by the guide is not started on its return winding until it has been laid over onto the outer sideof the thread of the previous coil.

While it will-'be seen that the action of the cam is gradualand moves the disks constantly during the entire revolution at a speed slightly in excess of that derived from the shaft 7, this action might be instantaneous, if desired.

It will be evident that the movement iinparted to the periphery of the cop by the reciprocation of the pawl, as above described, will be less when the cop4l is an inch in diameter than when the cop. is four inches in diameter, and as a result the movement when the cop is small in diameter is only sufficient to carry the th rea'd across that of the previous coil, and the movenent when the cop is four inches in diameter would, if all the conditions were the same, be excessive. It is a fact, however, that when the cop is small in diameter the threads are laid upon the same at a more acute angle to the axis than the angle upon which they are laid upon the larger surface of the cop as .it increases, and consequentlya greater length of thread istequired to cross the thread previoiislyla'id at the periphery of the full-sized cop than is required to cross the threads laid upon the layers nearer the cen` ter of thecop. I have found in practice that this change in the aigles of the threads laid upon the successive layers in forming the cop is such Vas will coincide with the increased throw or movement ofthe surface of the cop practically it is not necessary to make use of any appliances for compensating for this difference in action, but that, on the contrary, said difference avoids the necessity of makf ing special provision for a greater travel in consequence of the greater distance across the threads, as their angle to the axis increases with theincreased diameter of the cop.

As the cop is clamped between the 'two disks, the above-described movements might be imparted to one of them only; but 1n order to secure certainty of operation I prefer to drive each of theidisks through the niedum of the appliances described.

To hold the threadin position upon the cop after it is laid thereon, I make use of a presser-roller e, carried by a traino F, consisting of a yoke-piece and two parallel bars 26 26, sliding in a yoke 27, extending from and constituting part of the main frame A, the frame F, with its roller, being carried inward by means of a spring` 29, connected' with a lever 30 and holding the latter against a pin 31, extending from one of the bars 26. As the cop increases in diameter the roller and the frame are forced outward: The said spring presser-roller, however, may be supported with a yielding pressure against the cop in any other suitable manner.

The guide 3 is supported and'recip'rocated and maintained in its relation to the periphery of the cop as the latter increases by means of any suitable appliances. As shown, the said guide is supported by a carrier G, a cross- ,bar 31 of which slides in bearings upon the opposite side frame, whilea projection at the forward end of the carrier slides in a transverse slot in a crossfbar 32. The carrier is. 'provided with bearings for two slide-rods 33 33, upon which is a cross-piece 34, supporting the guide, and a hook 35 at the back of the crosspiece 34 extends back tof a cross-bar 36 ,upon the frame F, so that as the frame F is pushed back'by the increasing diameter of the cop the guide is carried outward to the same extent without interfering with the free travel of the guide back and forth across the face of the cop as the reciprocating motion is imparted to the carrier.

4One means of imparting the reciprocating movement to the cari'ier is a cylinder-cam 2, secured` to a shaft 1, and having a cam-slot 38, receiving a stud 39, projecting from the carrier.

In. order to permit the tubes t to` be inserted between the disks 5 5 and the cop to be withdrawn, I so mount the shafts 7 that they can slide longitudinally in their bearings, the gear-wheels being of sufficient width to permit this movement Without disengagement, and I provide means whereby said shafts may be separated to receive the tube or allow the cop to be withdrawn and brought together to clasp the tube. Different means may be employed for sliding each of said shafts. As shown, a bell-crank lever 40, pivoted to the frame of the machine, has at one end a stud 41, extending into a groove 42 in the hub of one of the wheels upon the shaft at one side of the machine,while a similar bell-crank lever is similarly arranged on the other side of the machine, and -the horizontal arms of both levers extend into slots in a push-bar 43, sliding in a cross-piece of the frame and bearing upon a spring" 44, which tends to lift the push-bar and throw in the shafts and bring the disks to bear upon the tube.` By pushingrlown the bar the spring is compressed and both shafts are thrown outward. If desired,(however, one of the shafts can revolve in its bearings without sliding, the movement of the other in many cases being sufficient to permit the tube to be inserted and the cop withdrawn.- The thread is conducted to the guide through a suitable ten sion device H and round a guide-pulley 50.

As before set forth, the action is the' same,

Whether the rotating cop gains suicient at` each revolution to carry the thread being laid across that previously laid at the end of the,

l. The within-described mode of winding cops, consisting in winding the thread spirally upon a tub'e or cylinder .in successive coils with substantially the same number of coils in each layer, and in carrying the thread of each coilat each end of the cop across the thread of a previous'coil, and bending the last laid portion with abrupt bend at a point beyond that where the previously-laid portion is bent to form a cop with a substan tiallyilat-end,i'substantially as described.

' 2. The improvementinthe'art of Winding cops, consisting in winding the thread in successive coils, laying each thread at the end of the coil across and over that Vpreviously laid and there bending the thread back at a point adjacent to the previous bend, andwinding it in a course parallel with that o'f a pre viously-laid coil to form a cop with a substantially flat end, substantially as described.

3. The process of manufacturing copa-'which consists in winding the thread in successive coils, each coiI parallel to but not incontact with the thread of a preceding coil, and then subjecting the cop to end pressure to -b'riug -the thread of the adjacent coils together, substantially .as described.

In testimony whereof I have'signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

SIMON W. WARDWELL, JB.

Witnesses.' f

CHARLES E, lf'osTER,

MYER COHEN. 

